Multivitamin supplements have gained popularity in recent years, with as many as 1 in 3 US adults using them. However, a new study raises questions about their actual benefits. Drawing from a massive study involving over 390,000 participants and more than 20 years of data, researchers found that multivitamin supplementation was not associated with a mortality benefit. In fact, mortality risk was 4% higher among multivitamin users compared to nonusers in the initial years of follow-up.
Although there is little evidence to support the use of multivitamin supplements for increasing lifespan, there are still some potential benefits. For example, certain supplements like beta carotene, vitamins C and E, and zinc have been linked to slowing the progression of age-related macular degeneration. Multivitamin supplementation has also been associated with improved memory and slowed cognitive decline in older individuals, and can help offset deficiencies after bariatric surgery.
However, it’s important to note that mortality analyses often overlook important risks. Supplemental beta carotene has actually been found to increase the risk of lung cancer in at-risk individuals. Multivitamins containing vitamin K may reduce the effectiveness of warfarin, and the inclusion of iron in supplements can increase the risk of iron overload, which is associated with various health issues.
Instead of relying on supplements, experts suggest refocusing nutrition interventions on obtaining essential nutrients from food sources. Studies have shown that a diet rich in vegetables, fruits, legumes, and whole grains provides the necessary micronutrients while also promoting overall health and reducing mortality risk.
In conclusion, while multivitamin supplements may have some benefits, they are not a magical solution for increasing longevity. It’s more beneficial to prioritize a balanced diet with nutrient-rich foods to ensure a healthy intake of micronutrients.
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